Lake Ripples - November 2009LCC's E-News Bulletin
Vermont Hearings on Nutrient Reduction December 8, 14 and 15

 Weigh in on Vermont’s plans to reduce phosphorus at hearings in December. Photo by Jeanne Stark
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Phosphorus levels are still too high in most parts of Lake Champlain. The Vermont Agency of Natural Resources is in the process of revising their implementation plan for phosphorus reduction and has been seeking input from watershed residents, farmers, LCC and other environmental groups, along with federal and state agency staff during the last year. They have collected hundreds of ideas on potential strategies to achieve Lake Champlain water quality goals and will release their revised implementation plan around December 1. Recommendations LCC made to the Agency include:
- Require performance bonds for large scale construction projects. Bonds would be repayable at project completion provided all erosion and sediment control practices and remediation efforts have been successfully followed and completed.
- Initiate enforcement actions against improperly managed livestock concentration areas and tillage and manure applications too close to waters.
- Provide financial incentives and disincentives to municipalities to cap wastewater treatment facility discharges at 2006 levels.
- Actively promote Low Impact Development (LID) in all development and redevelopment projects.
- Strengthen Accepted Agricultural Practices (AAPs) to keep cows out of streams.
You can learn about and weigh in on the Agency’s priorities for nutrient reduction at any of three meetings around the watershed. Written comments can also be submitted through December 21, 2009 to:
Julie Moore, Director of the Center for Clean and Clear Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 103 South Main Street, Center Building Waterbury, VT 05676
Or via e-mail: julie.moore@[remove this text]state.vt.us
All hearings will be held 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. Dates and locations for the hearings are:
- December 8, 2009: Kehoe Education Center, 636 Point of Pines Road, Castleton
- December 14, 2009: Citizens Advisory Committee, Community Room, Echo Center, One College Street, Burlington
- December 15, 2009: Swanton Municipal Complex, 120 First Street, Swanton
Contact Julie Moore at 802-241-3687 or julie.moore@[remove this text]state.vt.us for additional information.
Do Fishing Tournaments Affect Fish Populations? December 9 at 6:30 PM at SUNY Plattsburgh

 Photo provided by Myke Lyons via Flickr.
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Numerous bass fishing tournaments are held around the lake each year. A fish kill from a recent Plattsburgh event rekindled concerns about the number of fishing tournaments on the lake and raised questions about the impact to the bass fishery. To help guide discussions on this issue, the Lake Champlain Fisheries Leadership Institute Seminar Series is hosting a presentation by Dr. Bruce Tufts of Queen’s University in Ontario. Dr. Tufts is a recognized expert on Bass biology and catch and release fishing. The program is free and open to the public and will be held at the Cardinal Lounge at PSUNY’s Angell College Center. The program is sponsored by Lake Champlain Sea Grant, Great Lakes Research Consortium, and the Lake Champlain Research Institute. For more information contact timothy.mihuc@[remove this text]plattsburgh.edu at SUNY Plattsburgh’s Lake Champlain Research Institute or mark.malchoff@[remove this text]plattsburgh.edu at Sea Grant.
Crown Point Bridge Closed for GoodNew York Governor David A. Paterson and Vermont Governor Jim Douglas have received a report from their states' respective transportation agencies which finds that it is not feasible to rehabilitate the Champlain Bridge. Engineers have declared that the 80-year-old span is too unstable to be renovated, and recommend demolishing the bridge for the safety of motorists and boaters. The Federal Highway Administration is expected to concur with the recommendation based on their preliminary review of the report. Transportation officials anticipate building a new bridge as close as possible to the current location. MORE
Lake Friendly Tip for Thanksgiving and Beyond

 Photo by Jay Kiley
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As you go about your food preparations for Thanksgiving and other upcoming holidays, consider supporting local farmers. If you live in the Champlain Valley, finding eggs, butter, cheese, cream and milk and even poultry produced nearby is fairly easy regardless of the season. However, local beets, potatoes, onions, garlic, carrots, pumpkins, squash, apples and other staples are often available even into November and December. Providing a meal where most of the food comes from within a 30-mile radius of home can deepen the meaning of Thanksgiving.
According to the Vermont Department of Agriculture, shifting just 10% of food purchases to locally grown food products, would add more than $100 million to the state’s economy. Any day of the year buying local foods offers thanks for the bounty we share living in the Champlain Valley.
Students Learn About the Lake with LCC’s Natural History Book

 LCC Staff Scientist Mike Winslow meets with a group of UVM students to discuss lake issues. Photo by Jeanne Stark
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Why do clouds hang low over the lake on autumn mornings? Where do invasive species come from and how do they arrive? How might global warming affect Lake Champlain’s future? How did the lake get here?
Hundreds of University of Vermont students are learning the answers to these and many more questions through LCC’s award-winning book Lake Champlain: A Natural History. The book is required reading this semester in Dr. Larry Forcier’s Natural History and Field Ecology class where students learn about the dynamics of the natural world.
You can join in the lake learning too by purchasing a copy of the book through LCC’s secure online Lake Shop. The 160-page illustrated publication covers the lake’s geology, geography, biology, and ecology in an accessible, engaging style. It makes a great gift for friends, family, fellow lake lovers or yourself!
Natural History Note – Lake Turnover |  | 
 As autumn progresses the lake gives back the warmth it had collected over the summer. Photo by Jay Kiley
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Sometime in November or December those who spend time on the lake in quiet contemplation might notice the normally clear water become murky, despite the absence of rain. A stale rotten smell may fill the air, even though the summer's algae blooms are long since passed. Lake Champlain will be in the midst of one of its twice yearly mixings. The mixing, also called turnover, occurs because, the water column in a given section of the Lake is of uniform temperature for the first time since spring.
During the summer months the Lake is layered, less dense and warm above, more dense and cool below with a sharp transition, a thermocline, somewhere in the middle. So long as the upper warm layer absorbs heat the temperature and density differences between the layers is accentuated. In addition to temperature differences, the cool bottom layer has less oxygen. Fish and other creatures take oxygen from the water and, because this layer is trapped below the warm layer above and not in contact with the air, the supply is never replenished. MORE Lake Look ~ Ballast Stabilizing Ships, Destabilizing Ecosystems |  | 
 Ballast water release. Photo by David L. Smith, MIT Sea Grant
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Each year thousands of ships move between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. Some carry more than cargo and crew; they hide animals or plants from distant lands. A new invasive species is found in the Great Lakes every 28 weeks on average. While throughout history species have expanded their ranges, only in modern times has such movement between continents, assisted by humans, been so easy and so frequent.
Species that arrive in the Great Lakes don’t necessarily stay there. They travel, often eastward toward Lake Champlain. Intercontinental traffic brought zebra mussels to the Great Lakes, the original introduction point for all North American populations. Zebra mussels made their way through canals or attached to other boats, reaching Lake Champlain by the early 1990s, ten to fifteen years after first being seen in the Great Lakes. LCC LinksJoin/Donate |